![]() Studies of EMTs internationally, including varied burnout assessments such as the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, report work-related burnout rates ranging from 19%-84%. Only a handful of these include EMTs in LMIC. Less than fifty studies have examined burnout in the prehospital realm of emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Previous research in Indian physicians of all specialties demonstrates a burnout prevalence of 35%-71%. A US-based MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory) study of physicians demonstrated emergency physicians had the highest level of burnout at almost 70% compared to physicians of other specialties. ![]() There is increasing evidence that burnout is common among a range of healthcare providers, however evidence is limited in the prehospital workforce. More recent research has focused on clarifying the relationships between stress, burnout, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder to better understand their distinctions as well as the personality factors and adaptive mechanisms that are protective. Maslach et al standardized the measurement of burnout in the late 1970’s refining its definition to a state of exhaustion, cynicism, and diminished professional efficacy that results from long-term involvement in work situations that are emotionally demanding. His initial study involved workers at a demanding free clinic in New York City. The concept of burnout popularized by psychologist Freudenberger in 1974 was initially described as “becoming exhausted by making excessive demands on energy, strength, or resources” resulting in a physical and behavioral syndrome from the workplace. One way to address provider wellness and limit attrition is through burnout prevention. By focusing on the retention and wellness of healthcare providers, there is an opportunity for health delivery organizations to improve quality of care and reduce the need for and cost of introductory training and onboarding. ![]() The burden of workforce shortages in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) continues to be a crisis, and India is no exception. SDG 3C calls for a “substantial increase health financing and recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries.” In solidarity, the World Health Organization (WHO) has set this same goal as one of six milestones for its Global Strategy on Human Resources for Health 2030. Consequently, the development community has increasingly recognized the importance of the workforce in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Health providers have been shown to directly impact population health outcomes. Human capital is arguably the most valuable resource in a health system. Stanford IRB, 1705 El Camino Real, Palo Alto, CA 94306, (650) 724-7141 The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. For data requests, please contact the ethics committee below and cite IRB#41940. Due to the size of our data set, full disclosure is thought to risk the identity of the participants, jeopardizing their anonymity with the employer and others, and compromising the conditions under which they agreed to participate. The Stanford study group has thoroughly considered the ethical implications of sharing de-identified data publicly. Further access to the data is available by request. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: A copy of the survey instrument, univariate, and multivariate regression analyses are included in the supplementary files. Received: OctoAccepted: FebruPublished: March 10, 2020Ĭopyright: © 2020 Koval et al. PLoS ONE 15(3):Įditor: Andrew Carl Miller, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, UNITED STATES (2020) First look at emergency medical technician wellness in India: Application of the Maslach Burnout Inventory in an unstudied population. Citation: Koval KW, Lindquist B, Gennosa C, Mahadevan A, Niknam K, Patil S, et al.
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